The exact cause of segmental vitiligo is not known, but several factors may contribute to its development:

• Autoimmune Response: It is believed that segmental vitiligo may occur due to an autoimmune reaction in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys melanocytes in specific areas of the skin.

• Genetic Predisposition: Genetic factors may play a role in the development of segmental vitiligo, as individuals with a family history of vitiligo or autoimmune diseases may be at higher risk.

• Neurological Factors: Some researchers hypothesize that segmental vitiligo may be triggered by neurological factors, such as nerve damage or dysfunction, which disrupt the normal function of melanocytes in affected areas.